CHAPTER
6
Planning
Nature of
planning
Features of a good
plan
Pervasiveness of
planning
Planning
Planning is an analytical thought process which covers:
- Assessment of future
- Determination of objectives
- Development of alternative courses of action
- Selection of the best course of action among these
alternatives
Nature of planning: -
- Focus on objectives
- Primacy and pervasiveness
- Efficiency, economy and accuracy
- Coordination of activities
- Determination of constraints
- Flexibility
Features of a good plan: -
- Clear and precise goals
- Simple and easy to understand
- Viable
- Flexible
- Balanced
- Guides and performance standards
- Optimum allocation of resources
Planning precedes all the other functions of management. Similarly, all the
functions must be planned.
Pervasiveness of planning: -
- Planning is present at all levels of management.
- The top management is involved in strategic planning generally lasting for
more than one year.
- The middle management is involved in managerial or administrative planning
generally done for one year or less.
- Lower level management looks after tactical or operative planning
generally done for a week or a month.
- Daily work plans are done at shop floor level
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